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India’s New Criminal Laws: Revolutionizing Justice System

Discover how India’s new criminal laws, BNS, BNSS, and BSA, are modernizing the justice system, ensuring faster trials, and prioritizing victim support.

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India’s New Criminal Laws: Revolutionizing Justice System
(Photo: livelaw)

The recent enactment of three new criminal laws in India marks a transformative shift in the country’s justice system. These laws, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), replace the British-era Indian Penal Code, Code of Criminal Procedure, and Indian Evidence Act, respectively. The reforms address contemporary social realities and modern crimes, aiming to provide a more efficient and just legal framework.

New Criminal Laws

From now on, all new First Information Reports (FIRs) will be registered under the BNS, while ongoing cases will continue under the previous laws until their conclusion. The new laws introduce several progressive provisions, such as Zero FIR, online police complaint registration, and electronic summons. This digital integration ensures swift legal proceedings and enhances accessibility.

One of the significant changes is the mandatory videography of crime scenes for all serious crimes, ensuring accurate and tamper-proof evidence collection. The laws also prioritize justice over mere penal action, as emphasized by Union Home Minister Amit Shah. He highlighted that these laws, crafted by Indians for Indians, signify the end of colonial-era legal frameworks, aiming to deliver justice that aligns with Indian ethos and constitutional ideals.

The new legal provisions mandate that judgments in criminal cases be delivered within 45 days post-trial and that charges be framed within 60 days of the first hearing. For cases of rape, the statement of the victim must be recorded by a female police officer in the presence of a guardian or relative, with medical reports required within seven days.

The legislation introduces clear definitions for organized crime and terrorism and replaces sedition with treason. It also mandates video recording of all search and seizure operations. A new chapter on crimes against women and children has been included, with severe penalties for heinous crimes such as gang rape of a minor, including life imprisonment or the death penalty.

The new laws consolidate overlapping sections, reducing the Indian Penal Code from 511 to 358 sections. Definitions previously scattered across various sections are now unified, streamlining the legal text. Specific provisions address contemporary issues like false promises of marriage, gang rape of minors, mob lynching, and chain snatching.

Under the new legal framework, electronic communication can be used to report crimes, eliminating the need for physical visits to police stations. This innovation facilitates prompt action and reporting. The introduction of Zero FIR allows FIRs to be filed at any police station, regardless of jurisdiction, expediting legal processes.

Upon arrest, individuals now have the right to inform someone of their choice about their situation, ensuring immediate support. Arrest details will be displayed prominently in police stations and district headquarters, providing easy access to information for families and friends.

Forensic experts are now required to visit crime scenes for serious offenses, strengthening the evidence collection process. Victims of crimes against women are entitled to regular updates on their cases within 90 days, enhancing transparency and trust in the legal system. Hospitals must provide free first aid or medical treatment to victims of crimes against women and children, ensuring immediate care during critical times.

Electronic service of summons expedites legal processes and reduces paperwork, ensuring efficient communication. Victim statements for certain offenses must be recorded by a woman magistrate whenever possible, fostering a supportive environment. Both accused and victims are entitled to receive copies of all relevant legal documents within 14 days, promoting fairness and transparency.

To prevent delays, courts can grant a maximum of two adjournments, ensuring timely justice. The new laws also mandate state governments to implement witness protection schemes, safeguarding witnesses and enhancing the credibility of legal proceedings. The inclusion of transgender individuals in the definition of “gender” promotes inclusivity and equality.

The digitization of legal proceedings offers convenience and efficiency, benefiting victims, witnesses, and the accused. To ensure transparency in rape investigations, victim statements will be recorded via audio-video means. Furthermore, women, minors, senior citizens, and those with disabilities or acute illnesses are exempt from attending police stations, with police assistance provided at their residence.

In summary, India’s new criminal laws represent a significant modernization of the legal system, prioritizing justice, transparency, and efficiency. These reforms aim to create a fairer and more accessible justice system, reflecting the evolving needs of contemporary society.

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india

Fewer Indian students traveled abroad for study purposes in 2024: government response in Lok Sabha

Indian students en route to Canada decreased by 41%; those going to the UK declined 27% and 13%, with Australia experiencing an annual 12 % decrease; at 2,04,058 Indian students studied in America in 2024 alone. Canada had the second-highest student enrollment at 1,37,608. China experienced a decrease as 7279 students came for studies in […]

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Fewer Indian students traveled abroad for study purposes in 2024: government response in Lok Sabha

Indian students en route to Canada decreased by 41%; those going to the UK declined 27% and 13%, with Australia experiencing an annual 12 % decrease; at 2,04,058 Indian students studied in America in 2024 alone. Canada had the second-highest student enrollment at 1,37,608. China experienced a decrease as 7279 students came for studies in 2023 while only 4,978 attended in 2024. Germany, Bangladesh, Russia and Ireland saw the greatest increases in Indian students traveling for studies – at 49 per cent, 44 per cent, 34 per cent and 30 per cent increases respectively. At 34,702, Indians increased by 49 per cent traveling to Germany for studies while 31444 Russian students arrived compared to 23503 a year prior. France, Philippines and Uzbekistan all saw increases as well.

There’s something magical and evocative about seeing an old friend from school come back into town to show us something they remember from long ago – often something from when they were younger themselves! So much for my visions of an ideal world where it wouldn’t matter who ran it anymore… Numbers of Indian students traveling overseas for studies dropped 15% last year as countries tightened visa regulations, according to information provided by Sukanta Majumdar, Minister of State in Education ministry, at Monday’s Lok Sabha session. He reported that 7,59,064 students studied overseas according to Bureau of Immigration (BoI). Even though this number represents a decrease from 8,92,989 students traveling overseas for education in 2023, it is slightly higher compared to 2022 when it stood at 7,50,365.

This data pertains specifically to Indian travelers who disclosed “Study/Education” as their reason for visiting foreign destinations. As per information shared with Lok Sabha earlier, BoI data for previous years shows that 2024 surpasses 2019 in terms of students heading abroad for study; during 2019, 5,86,337 went abroad to pursue their education. Canadian, United States and United Kingdom all saw significant declines (in percentage terms) as they all tightened visa regulations for immigrants. Canada became more stringent on student visa regulations following worsening diplomatic ties in 2024 which resulted in more visa rejections and scrutiny on applications for entry.

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Karnataka

DGP Ramachandra Rao Under Investigation Over Actress Ranya Rao’s Shocking Airport Protocol Breach

The Karnataka government has initiated an research into the alleged misuse of protocol by actress Ranya Rao at Bengaluru’s Kempegowda International Airport (KIA). The probe also examines the potential involvement of Director General of Police (DGP) Ramachandra Rao in facilitating her unauthorized get admission to to a limited vicinity. Incident Overview On March 10, 2025, […]

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DGP Ramachandra Rao Under Investigation Over Actress Ranya Rao’s Shocking Airport Protocol Breach

The Karnataka government has initiated an research into the alleged misuse of protocol by actress Ranya Rao at Bengaluru’s Kempegowda International Airport (KIA). The probe also examines the potential involvement of Director General of Police (DGP) Ramachandra Rao in facilitating her unauthorized get admission to to a limited vicinity.

Incident Overview

On March 10, 2025, Ranya Rao reportedly bypassed standard security tactics at KIA, getting into through a VIP gate usually reserved for high-ranking officials and dignitaries. This breach has raised issues approximately security protocols and feasible misuse of official privileges.

Government’s Response

In reaction to the incident, the Karnataka Home Department has ordered a comprehensive research to determine:

How Rao received get entry to to the constrained region.

Whether DGP Ramachandra Rao played a role in facilitating this get entry to.

If there has been any breach of protection protocols or misuse of reputable privileges.

Official Statements

Karnataka‘s Home Minister stated, “We have taken severe note of the incident and directed an intensive investigation. Appropriate motion might be taken primarily based on the findings.”

Implications and Public Concern

This incident has sparked public challenge regarding:

Security Integrity: Ensuring that airport security protocols are upheld with out exceptions.

Accountability: Holding officials responsible if discovered complicit in protocol breaches.

Transparency: Maintaining public agree with thru obvious investigative approaches.

The investigation committee is expected to:

Review CCTV photos from the airport.

Interview airport safety employees and officers.

Obtain statements from Ranya Rao and DGP Ramachandra Rao.

The findings will guide any disciplinary actions or policy revisions to prevent future occurrences.

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Politics

Nepal Pro-Monarchy Rally Controversy: Yogi Adityanath’s Photo Sparks Debate

A recent pro-monarchist rally in Kathmandu, Nepal, has sparked controversy due to the display of Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath’s photographs alongside those of former King Gyanendra Shah. The event, organized to welcome Gyanendra upon his return from a religious tour, saw supporters advocating for the reinstatement of the monarchy, which was abolished in […]

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Nepal Pro-Monarchy Rally Controversy: Yogi Adityanath’s Photo Sparks Debate

A recent pro-monarchist rally in Kathmandu, Nepal, has sparked controversy due to the display of Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath’s photographs alongside those of former King Gyanendra Shah. The event, organized to welcome Gyanendra upon his return from a religious tour, saw supporters advocating for the reinstatement of the monarchy, which was abolished in 2008.

The Rally and Display of Photographs

As Gyanendra, 77, arrived at Tribhuvan International Airport from Pokhara, hundreds of loyalists, including leaders and cadres of the pro-monarchist Rastriya Prajatantra Party (RPP), greeted him. Supporters, riding motorbikes and waving national flags, lined the roads outside the airport. Notably, some displayed photographs of Yogi Adityanath alongside Gyanendra’s images, a move that quickly drew criticism from various political factions and the public on social media.

Allegations and Denials

In response to the backlash, RPP spokesperson Gyanendra Shahi alleged that the display of Adityanath’s photograph was a deliberate attempt by the K P Oli-led government to malign the pro-monarchist movement through infiltration. He claimed that Bishnu Rimal, chief advisor to Prime Minister Oli, orchestrated the move. Rimal, however, refuted these allegations, stating that they were “an illusion created through disinformation by disqualified people who accidentally reached a responsible position.”

Background and Ongoing Pro-Monarchist Activities

Supporters of the former king have been actively rallying in various parts of Nepal, including Kathmandu and Pokhara, demanding the reinstatement of the monarchy. Their activities have intensified since Democracy Day in February, when Gyanendra remarked, “Time has come for us to assume responsibility to protect the country and bring about national unity.”

Public Reaction and Social Media Discourse

The incident has ignited debates on social media platforms, with users expressing diverse opinions on the display of Adityanath’s photographs at the rally. Some view it as an external influence on Nepal’s internal affairs, while others see it as a reflection of the deepening ties between certain political factions in Nepal and India.

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